Art works Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Art works - Essay Example v=FIVAEwjiU8I However, it is also no longer there. Due to copyright issues, they changed the music. The new music is more appropriate to the geographical location, but it does not have the power of the original, and there really is no narrative. The actual show in Hang Zhou is here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MSMDgMhfM_M I found this because I was a little suspicious of the Chinese watermark on the building face in the upper right corner of the screen. Since a Chinese travel site is responsible for a link to this video, perhaps it was intentional. However, the fountains in Hang Zhou seem more tuned to their music. It is possible that the sound actually controls the fountains. This is not the case in Dubai. In the first video there was a slight disconnect, because of this. The first musical fountin I ever saw was in Seattle and the music actually controls the fountain. It is only one fountain, but an excellent experience, since there is no disconnect between the audio and the vis ual. The location of the Chinese musical fountain is really worth noting as a work of art in itself. West Lake in Hang Zhou is three large lakes joined by bridges, and it has been developed as a local and tourist attraction based mostly upon the Legend of the Snake Lady. Many attractioins have been created and they are all affordable even to the lowest wage earners in China at ranging from 10 rmb (1.5 cents USD) to 75 rmb (9 cents USD)Ten wood carvings are located in Leifing Pagoda and a nightly show of music and dance telling the tragic story of the snake who turned into a lady and fell in love with Xu Xian . "Leifeng Pagoda in Evening Glow" is one of â€Å"Top Ten Views of West Lake†. In the pagoda, you also can find a series of wood carvings themed Legend of the White Snake. Faced on three sides by typical Chinese landscapes of cloud shaped hills, the lake has been developed artistically as a World Heritage Site. The light and fountain show, Time to Say Goodbye is located in an inlet on the lake shore where these hills are the visible background on one side and the cityscape is the other. The fountain show plays nine to eleven times daily and it is free. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXCTt8hXtF8 I found this video of the rather disturbing. I would not walk twelve blocks to see it. There was no narrative to connect the audio and the video. The sculpture was nice and changing the lights and colors is a great idea. But nice is not art to me; it is decoration. I would also prefer more musical sound, perhaps short musical sound bytes. The sound was the most disturbing element of this work, as it also had no connection, but seemed like a selection of random sounds, some quite unpleasant with random spaces of silence. Then if the viewer could control the whole exhibit somehow, either with a keyboard or with a pressure board or even video it could become quite interesting. As it is, it is obviously an expression of feeling, but it seems more like a nightma re, or indigestion. Of course this might have been intentional if the artist dislikes human creations and thinks they should not be seen alongside nature. I was unable to find out anything about this video, so I cannot even guess by the other works of this artist or by his or her history. Because of the extreme disconnection between the very ordered stack of blocks and the weird sounds, I assume that this is an intentionally

Challenging customers in the marketplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Challenging customers in the marketplace - Essay Example Such customers also take more time of the shopkeepers as compared to other customers. Companies need to satisfy challenging customers in order to achieve success. Customer satisfaction results in improving the business (Fornell, Mithas, Morgeson, & Krishnan, 2006). Customers can be challenging for different reasons. Some of the most common reasons include language difference, aggressive mindset, lack of proper communication skills, inability to make quick decisions, and impatient and hostile nature. Past experiences, stresses, and different perceptions are those factors, which make most of the customers challenging. Every customer has a different set of experiences, which he/she uses while deciding to buy any specific product. Some customers have some concerns, which they communicate to the shopkeepers or customer service representatives while buying the products. Such customers are challenging customers and shopkeepers find it difficult to deal with such customers. Shopkeepers can deal with challenging customers by listening to them properly, asking questions, showing concerns towards the needs of the customers. Harris (2003) states, â€Å"Although challenging customers may be difficult to interact with, the reality is that they are still ou r customers and our goal is to provide them with excellent customer service† (p.

Eddie and beatrice created and sustained Essay Example for Free

Eddie and beatrice created and sustained Essay Throughout the play Beatrice and Eddie have contrasting views about various issues.Eddie has strong veiws on masculinity which leads him to reject effeminate behaviour and be aggressive when he is challenged. Beatirce on the other hand is a more laid back personality. Miller uses this friction between husband and wife to create and sustain tension by making the issues gradually more serious as the play progresses At the opening of act one, Eddie and Cathrine appear to be almost flirting. (Eddie is pleased and therefore shy about it.)This type of relationship is surprising because Cathrine is Eddies niece and proves to be a source of friction between Eddie and Beatrice. This is openly shown at the end of the play when Beatrice tells Eddie you can never have her.  Further disagreement comes from Eddies protectiveness of Cathrine. He feels that as an uncle it is his duty to protect her from the world; he tells her that her revealing clothes attract unwanted attention, and he is not keen for her to get a job. Beatrice thinks that Eddie is over protective of Cathrine and convinces him that she is old enough. Look, you got to get used to it, shes no baby no more. Miller continues to increase the tension between Beatrice and Eddie when later they begin to argue about Rodolpho; his sexuality and his relationship with Cathrine. Eddies affection for Catherine leads him to dislike Rodolpho and find faults in him, at every opportunity. He interprates Rodolphos effeminate behaviour ( singing, cooking and stiching dresses) as homosexuality and tells Cathrine that Rodolpho is decieving her, in order to gain an American passport ( Rodolpho is an illegal immigrant ) . The tension in the play is fueled further as Beatrice openly tells Eddie that he is being too protective of Cathrine and harsh on Rodolpo. Miller uses these arguments to create a sense of mounting tension between the couple as the arguments become gradually more serious.This climaxes when Beatrice asks Eddie to forgive Marco for acussing Eddie of turning the two imigrants in. This argument is very heated and long before a lull when Marco appears.  MARCO: Eddie Carbone!   all stand transfixed for an instant  Miller uses this to create the effect of a fuse reaching its end before the explosive finale of Eddies death at the hands of Marco.At this point Miller turns the tables on the relationship between Eddie and Beatrice. EDDIE: Then why of B!  BEATRICE: Yes, yes!  EDDIE: My B!  (He dies in he arms..)  This shows their ultimate unity.  Miller could be trying to sustain the tension by showing the audience that Eddie refuses to acknowledge his attration to Cathrine upto his last breath.  As this play is a tragedy reminiscent of the Greek style, Miller could be trying to redeem the tragic hero by showing that despite all of Eddies shortcomigs, he is ultimately devoted to and in love with Beatrice.

The Responsibilities Of Organisations Operating Globally Business Essay

The Responsibilities Of Organisations Operating Globally Business Essay Over the past few years, the rate of growth of businesses in a region has been faster than the rate of growth of output round the world as a whole. Almost all countries in the world are becoming ever more integrated with the world economy. This process is called globalisation. Globalisation could mean for example that: most of the cloths we buy are made abroad; a country buys financial and legal services from other country etc Globalisation has many effects upon businesses/organisation throughout the world. The impact of globalisation has not been evenly spread. Some businesses have witnesses dramatic changes because of globalisation of the organisation. This report explains the knowledge of issues Arik Air is facing in operating in global context and review of the issues currently impacting on its businesses. Arik air is an Airline company situated in Nigeria need to acquire another airline in United Kingdom whish proposed to be called Arik Air UK and be a global organisation 1.1 ANALYSES OF THE KEY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ORGANISATIONS WORKING IN DIFFERENT SECTORS, INDUSTRIES AND CONTEXTS There are different types of organisation which consist of sole trader, partnership, private public partnership and limited company. Sole trader; this is a business solely formed by one person and owned by single person with one or more workers. This type of business can also be classified as small scale business. The merits of sole trader are; Independent -the owner will have total control of the business. Little capital -to establish sole trading it cost less the owner did not need huge money, also sole trader need small loan that can be obtain from bank, relatives and friends . Sole owner of profit-the profit belong to the sole trader, he does not share with anybody. Business affairs are private- it will be difficult for the competitors to know how much the sole traders earned because sole trader keeps all the affairs of the business private. The demerits of sole traders are; Unlimited liability. It sometimes difficult to get loan from banks because of the nature of the business. Lack of continuity if the owner dies Partnership is when two or more people come together to form a business, most partnerships are between two or twenty members. Deed of partnership is set up by the partnership this contain the followings Formation that will be use to share profit or loss incur during the business. Amount of money to be contributed by each partner to start the business. The power of votes will be determined by the proportion of capital provided by each partners. This is rules to be follows when taking in new partners. Blue print of how the partnership will be dissolve. Disadvantages of partnership are; Workload on one partner will cause dispute among the partners. Different direction of business from partners can cause disagreement. Corporation -is a distinct legal entity that has been form through registration process, this is a body that have legal right to enter into contractor or get loan from financial institution, it can sue and sued, recruit workers and pay taxes. The business is different from the owner, corporation is limited liability dividend. The shareholders are not liable for the company liquidation. Limited company An organisation which is liable to investor or subscribers. The investor are limited to their investment or guaranteed to the company which the profit is share, its finances in the business different to his personal money. Private company limited-when the company is liquidated they agreed to pay certain amount to bailout the company. Private unlimited company- during the liquidation of the company the shareholders and board of directors are solely liable payment of debt owed. Public limited company- the company traded publicly on stock market such as London stock exchange, Nigeria stock exchange etc. Public sector organisation -this is an organisation owned by the government, Federal, state and local government, there aims and objective is to provide social amenities for the public in terms of services e g, provision of public transport, health, research non profit making all the money made are rechanneled into the society. Non profit organisation- this is an organisation that is established for charity all the profit make is channel back to the business to pursue the aims and objective of the organisation. They generate money through donation from government and public. They are exempted in tax or tax deduction. Global Context- international transaction between two organisations from two different companies, global context is a term used to collectively describe all commercial activities of private and government globally in terms of sales, investment, logistics and transportation. 1.2 ASSESSMENT OF THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF ORGANISATIONS OPERATING GLOBALLY. The multinational organisation face a lot of challenges, the company have to acquire power to like money, connections to go into foreign land challenges that will fit in a global business context. Three environmental factors that the company have to put into considerations are; Political economy-this is the policies made by the government of the acquisition country for the new establishment also international business law must be look critically before venture into it. The resource and marketing- the market and resources of the country and host of their new business, the strength of the business in the country. Competition- There will be competition among the local business of the host country, the local business will give them a lot of threat because the people have already used to their local product, and meanwhile the company have to make sure that their service is unique to be accepted by the buyer in the host country. Localizing strategies-The organisation have to know how to respond to the geographical opportunity and threats because the culture different also the competitors threat must be addressed with the local organisation. Sales and marketing strategy- must be considered because of the geographical different. Supply chain- is another factor because its different from one country to another. Different in legal system-there different legal system, labour laws and distribution, production strategy must be considered when going into global business because it varies from one country to other. International trade is a trade between two or more country, most private organisation call multinational undertake such transaction for profit making while government do the business for profit to increase their gross domestic product GDP or for political reasons, and this can be in terms of producing goods and services. The services may include finance banking insurance, construction etc. Organisational responsibility may be explained based on the following heading: Shareholders shareholders are investors of funds into the business, so they expect average financial returns; there will be interest on their money which will come in form of dividend. They can also be part of policy making in the organisation. Customer -they are like king in the whole issue, without the customers there will be no products. So, the organisation must responsible in providing good value for the money they spent interims of durability of the product or services given to them. Employee-the employees must be treat beyond the contract signed with them, treat them like they are part of the business. They must be given adequate training in new skill and technologies to be able to render an international standard of services and product to the customers. Community the organisation must be friendly to the people in the community in which they operate. Environment -they must conduct an environmental impact assessment (EIA) for new operation also they must not pollute the environment with hazard or dangerous toxic waste that can affect water agriculture, health of the people in the country. Ethical issue the ethical issue is very important in business they should pursue the ethics for the development of their organisation statues and long term survival; they should behave as customers, suppliers, competitors and the environment general. 1.3 STRATEGY EMPLOYED BY ORGANISATIONS OPERATING GLOBALLY IS; Political the political scene in another country must be embraced to facilitate better trade between the governments of other country in the world; a business agreement must be signed between the organisation and the organisation in other country. Economy the organisation must be ready to integrate the economy policy of another country their product or services attract lot of investor in other part of the world. Social the organisation will recruit workers from other country that they are doing business with and pay them good wages also support the community by providing CSR (corporate social responsibility) by providing scholarships etc. Technology -the world is boom in terms of technology uses for some times ,the use of technology like internet will help global organisation in transacting their business fast to provide better and fast services. Legal-the government policy of the other country must be recognised because the policy is used to protect the international trade against bringing of fake or outdated products or providing substandard services. Environmental- the global organisation assist in providing sustainable project ,like tree planting also caution in terms of amount of waste released to the landfill they should also help in recycling of some product and help in campaigning for good environment. Analyse how the performance of national economy impact on the activities of business organisation using Airlines as a case study. SWOT analysis is concerned in determining the performance of business vis-a-vis it competitors. It is widely accepted way of performing such an analysis, other methods can produce similar (or better) results. SWOT links the knowledge of the present bases of competition with market scenarios. The result of swot is shown SWOT table below, which is a concise statement of the situation in which the firm or business organisation finds itself. An example of a SWOT table for a no-frills airline. Strength Opportunities Weaknesses Threats Airports used are better than those used by the other no- frills airlines Strong business demand for cheap air fares Airport used are worse than those used by the big carriers The further entry of subsidiaries of the big carriers Management skills Strong leisure demand for cheap air fares Reputation for punctuality Higher airport charges Lower cost than established airlines The interest Cash flows Ease of booking flights Many secondary airport underused No safely record yet established Better than average employee relations Poorer than average customer service The characteristics of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and the associated analysis are described and the difficulties in carrying out a formal analysis are expected. Many leader-managers find it useful to encapsulate the position of their organisation in a concise statement of its strengths and weakness vis-a-vis competition and the opportunities and threat that it faces in its environment. They do this by constructing a SWOT table. A SWOT TABLE provides a useful spring board for their identification of strategy, since it identifies the weaknesses that need to be strengthened, the strength that can be used for competitive advantage, the opportunities that can be used to the organisations advantage, and the threats that it needs to guard against. The impact of global factors on UK business organisation. Businesses are affected by an external environment as much as they are affected by the competitors. Global factors influencing business are legal, political, social, technological and economic. Understanding of these factors is important while developing a business strategy. a. Social factors These factors are related to changes in social structures. These factors provide insights into behaviour, tastes, and lifestyles patterns of a population. Buying patterns are greatly influenced by the changes in the structure of the population, and in consumer lifestyles. Age, gender, etc all determine the buying patterns and understanding of such changes is critical for developing strategies which are in line with the market situations. In a global environment it is important that business strategies are designed keeping in mind the social and cultural differences that vary from Uk to other countries. Consumer religion, language, lifestyle patterns are all important information for successful business management. b. Legal factors These factors that influence business strategies are related to changes in government laws and regulations. For a successful business operation it is important that the businesses consider the legal issues involved in a particular situation and should have the capability to anticipate ways in which changes in laws will affect the way they must behave. Laws keep changing over a period of time. From the point of view of business it is important that they are aware of these changes in the areas of consumer protection legislation, environmental legislation, health safety and employment law, etc. c. Economic factors These factors involve changes in the global economy. A rise in living standards would ultimately imply an increase in demand for products thereby, providing greater opportunities for businesses to make profits. An economy witnesses fluctuations in economic activities. This would imply that in case of a rise in economic activity the demand of the product will increase and hence the price will increase. In case of reduction in demand the prices will go down. Business strategies should be developed keeping in mind these fluctuations. Other economic changes that affect business include changes in the interest rate, wage rates, and the rate of inflation. In case of low interest rates and increase in demand Businesses will be encouraged to expand and take risks. d. Political factors This refers to the changes in government and government policies. Political factors greatly influence the operation of business in the United Kingdom. This has gained significant importance of late. For example: companies and businesses operating in the UK have to adopt directives and regulations created by the UK. The political arena has a huge influence upon the regulation of businesses, and the spending power of consumers and other businesses. Business must consider the stability of the political environment, governments policy on the economy etc e. Technological factors These factors greatly influence business strategies as they provide opportunities for businesses to adopt new innovations, and inventions. This helps the business to reduce costs and develop new products. With the advent of modern communication technologies, technological factors have gained great impetus in the business arena. . Huge volumes of information can be securely shared by means of databases thereby enabling vast cost reductions, and improvements in service. Organisations need to consider the latest relevant technological advancements for their business and to stay competitive. Technology helps business to gain competitive advantage, and is a major driver of globalization. While designing the business strategies firms must consider if use of technology will allow the firm to manufacture products and services at a lower cost. Firms can select new modes of distributions with the help of technology. It has become easier for companies to communicate wi th their customer in any part of the world. . Domestic markets -is the goods and service producing in a country within a year. The of National statistics make us understand that survey of business which will include the activities of the airline operating within the United Kingdom. the uk economy became shrank toward the end of 2012,it goes down by 0.3% in the last three months according to the official GDP figures released, the short fall was not in Air industry alone but due to drop in mining and quarrying by ONS. This affect many stores, manufacturers and some financial institutions that force banks to closed down as a result of this many people lost their jobs, many consumers cut their spending even tourist that used the Air bus reduced due to cut. Global market- is the process when the products and services of a country or an industry is been operating in many countries. The global markets helps the industries to move higher in business.Uk British airways is example of British carrier .British airways sometime in November merge with some airline in other country. the merger make the British airline to become a recognised and the world third largest airline in the world and increased in terms of Revenue among other airline in competitive market globally. Government policies-this is the law that the Uk government put in place to meet the criteria in global market world, this are done both locally and internationally to protect the business world. They are as follows; Security-internet scam has been checked by spending more money on IT professionals to track any business fraud on line. Also terrorist this also very important recently UK government send some troop of army to Mali to combat the terrorist network that may be treat to international business in future. Air traffic policies-the UK government present a comprehensive and very big whitepaper on air traffic from 180mppa 476 by 2030, to satisfy future request, also new runway, terminals and improved on the management operation. Tax- recently the UK government took a severe measure against tax Evasion both locally and internationally, government spend millions of pounds on watchdog to checkmate the activities of companies through HM revenue and customs. e.g. Google ,Amazons ,star bucks coffee company recently penalised.(metro-Monday 17dec 2012) Bilateral relationship Health and Safety Environmental policies-this policies is to control noise in the air by the airlines, also government appraise climate change impact. Trade block- this is barrier to trade between two more countries, a group of countries within a geographical region may decide not to allow other country to import some goods to their region, some that are not from their country examples are EU and non EU members.EU is created to have single market for their goods, services and labours they also created trade block among the non EU .discriminatory trade policy. Technology in the past 20years technology has made a huge impact on globalisation, it has fastrack the growth seen in global business examples are Email, internet and mobile phones. Internet has made it possible for quick internal and external communication which made it to be the most important marketing tool in global business .meanwhile using mobile phone to communicate around the world which is faster and not expensive, this also avoid individual moving up and down while travelling. Technology not only helps global business in terms of growth but also help the global organisation to be more effective in their business activities. CONCLUTION Registration procedure for investors is very easy in united kingdom ,it allow investors design the internal company rules as long as you have right to invest under its legislature law ,the corporate or company law of united kingdom is welcome development because they have the laws that protect the right of shareholders to independently trade their shares.

Spiritual Healing :: essays research papers fc

An Exploration of Spiritual Healing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout time, mankind has constantly been seeking ways to maintain their health and to cure those that had not been so fortunate in that task. Just about everything has been experimented with as a cure for some type of illness; whether physical or mental. There is also a third type of illness that can and is addressed, which is healing on the spiritual plan. According to research, most of the spiritual healers are concentrated in primitive societies and undeveloped areas of the world. However, there are still undertones of reliance on spiritual healing in modern medicine today and there are some in civilized, well developed parts of the world that have rejected modern medicine all together and adopted alternative healing methods. Even a person who does not believe in a higher being actually takes part in this type cure simply by allowing the chemical medicines in his/her body to mend what is wrong. No matter what class of society a person is in, no matter how a dvanced that particular country is, there will always be traces of spiritual healing if not all-out practicing of it; and it is and will continue to be a significant part of any healing process, large or small.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are numerous names for spiritual healers, but for simplicity’s sake and the fact that the concentration is on American Indian Medicine, all spiritual healers will be lumped together as ‘Shaman’ unless otherwise specified. This does not mean that all healers will hold the same beliefs, or that a particular belief is not even held by a group known as Shamans, but rather a different type of healer. The grouping is just so that a detailed and confusing explaination of all the subsections of healers. If necessary, there will be specifications. Again , for clarification, definitions are provided to clear up any confusion. A Shaman is a person anchored securely in both the physical world and the spiritual realm-- a mediator if you will(Shamanism 1). Therefore, Shamanism is a way of life revolving around interaction of the spiritual and physical worlds(Shamanism). The Shaman does not solely exist as other humans do; they lead a totally different life in conjunction with their earthly duties within their tribe. The two are not separate by any means; one has direct impact on the other, or so it is believed by those who study this form of healing.

A Town Like Alice Essay -- Character Analysis, Jean, Joe

In the novel A Town Like Alice an enduring love gets it’s foundation during WWII when Jean and Joe develop the beginning of their relationship based on needs. Needs that are manifested during the horrific times they endured as prisoners of war. During a time of isolation and degradation the barriers of social status were obliterated and they found comfort in each other as well as a momentary escape from the misery of being prisoners of war. The connection Jean and Joe formed in Malaysia, during WWII, set the foundation for an undying and enduring love that lasted a lifetime. Jean and Joe later crossed continents in order to reunite with one another. â€Å"‘Dear Joe. Of course I’m in love with you. What do you think I came to Australia for?’† (248). They had found a bond in the war based on need, a need for companionship and understanding, and in that need they later discovered an enduring love that could never die. In the novel The English Patient war temporarily eliminated the stigma attached with dark skin and allowed for another love based on mutual needs to blossom. â€Å"His only human and personal contact was this enemy who had made the bomb and departed†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (105). Kip’s connection with Hana allowed him to connect with humanity again. The love he discovered with Hana filled a need of Kip’s to never be weak. â€Å"He refused to believe in his own weakness, and with her he had not found a weakness to fit himself against† (114). The English Patient also substantiates the fact that love during war gives a reason to hope in often hopeless times. In the novel Return of the Soldier rather than unite lovers war seemed to separate a love that was meant to be between Chris and Margaret. Chris and Margaret were truly in love but war, although tempor... ...ould run down his cheeks, which was to her the most dreadful thing of all, to see a man like Septimus, who had fought, who was brave, crying† (137). His shell shock is exacerbated by the fact the medical field didn’t fully understand or acknowledge the seriousness of shell shock during that time. Neither his family nor his doctors had any idea what he was dealing with or how to help him. War and his mental illness were the cause of Septimus feeling separate from life. Separate mentally and emotionally. Septimus felt trapped, although he did not want to die he felt that there was no way to escape besides death. â€Å"’I’ll give it you!’ he cried, and flung himself vigorously, violently down on to Mrs. Filmer’s area railings† (146). Atonement and Mrs. Dalloway show that war is an unimaginable horror but it also shows that the human condition has unimaginable strengths.

Hps326 Assignment Questionnaire

HPS326 Assignment Questionnaire Questions 1-5 (8% per question) 1. William Whewell coined the term â€Å"scientist† in the year 1833. 2. The conflict myth was proposed by John Draper and Andrew Dickson on the relationship between science and religion. They termed the relationship as a mutual antagonism whose history was a conflict between the rationality of science opposed by the ignorance of religion. Two versions of this myth exist; the strong and the weak.The strong version states that the inherent differences of science and religion have eclipsed through history as science is represented with a need to rival against religion, making conflict unavoidable. The weak version claims this conflict is haphazard and is purely based on historical fact. 3. The historiographical distinction between ‘modern science' and ‘natural philosophy' is that natural philosophy can be seen as a precursor of natural sciences (i. e physics etc. ). Natural philosophy is an entity that c an explain properties that can not necessarily be verified, classified or quantified.On the other hand, modern science is a development, divisional field of natural philosophy. It relies on the scientific experimentation for the growth of knowledge and advances in society and technology. 4. The ‘Merton Thesis', proposed by Robert Merton, states that the rise of science is linked to the values of Puritanism. It verifies the idea's of Francis Bacon as being inspired by the puritan ‘work ethic' which is accounted for by the volume of Puritans in the Royal Society. 5.According to Margaret Osler, in the 20th century, the conflict myth's support was attributable to; the positivism of Auguste Compte, and secularization of North American universities. In Compte's positivist philosophy, he founded numerous principles in which he claimed direct observation is the only way assertions can be established. This influenced numerous historians when they looked upon the history of scienc e and religion as they rejected all metaphysical thinking because it can not be proven empirically.This asserted that all sciences could be minimized to mathematics and physics driving a larger conflict between science and religion. The secularization of North American universities played a large role in the support of the conflict myth. This is due to the fact that the schools pushed an anti-religious approach and completely expunged any supernatural reasoning from the realm of science. This reinforced the rejection of metaphysics and furthered the perception of a conflict. Question 1-3 (20% per question) 1.The period form 1500 to 1700 was known as the ‘Scientific Revolution'. This period is considered the ‘revolution' as historians believed science began progressively separating from religion. Thinkers like Copernicus and Newton began to change the way people thought about the concept of nature. However, this view of a ‘Scientific Revolution' is still highly prob lematic. Shapin contested that no such revolution occurred. He asserted this as no single definition of science emerged and no specific method was employed.He also eluded to the point that this period was only coined ‘revolutionary' as the people of that time were interested in pursuing science and wanted to propel it as a professional field. Margaret Osler also termed this problematic as numerous individuals began challenging the fundamental principles of positivism. She also suggests that there was still an importance of theology in Newton's projects and a requirement of biblical interpretation to development of scientific methods. This suggests that religion and science did not separate in the ‘Scientific Revolution' as religion was still needed to discuss science. . The 19th century ‘Whigs' – an english liberal political party- are amalgamated with ‘Whig' history as people who perceived science as progressive. Science was the key to move humans alo ng the road to a better life. However, ‘whiggish' history is not acceptable today as it is too goal-centric. It claims that history has progressed along a predesignated path towards the goal of complete understanding. This was not welcome in ‘modern science' as it suggested that science was purely cumulative.However, scientific findings do not always continue building upon previous results. As well, Whiggish history focused too much on the ‘great men' of science – the male geniuses like Darwin, and Einstein – even though modern science has been practiced and perfected by normal (even female) individuals. This is supported with Peter Harrison's view on science and religion as he states a need of Protestant approaches in the development of modern empirical science. Harrison claims that biblical interpretations of Protestant texts is liked to the rise of modern science.This favours ‘Whig' history as they campaigned the Protestant values and behavio urs which aligns with their view of science. 3. Early analytic philosophy avoided the study of philosophy of religion and opposed metaphysics. However, the emergence of an analytic philosophy of religion in the 1960s, was crucial for the emergence of science and religion as it's own field. It brought about the collapse of logical positivism as it began to self-refute. Analytic philosophy then tried to get rid of traditional philosophy- claiming that it was too unscientific- and progressed to a more scientific way of thinking.Yet, even with it's new scientific way of thinking it was taken over by Christian theology allowing for a renewed interest in metaphysical thinking and the philosophy of religion. This then began to combine science and religion under one roof in terms of a relationship. Analytic philosophers, who were trained in science, then began bringing up religious problems in terms of using science as the best model for rationality. This allowed the rise of the field of sc ience and religion because of the influence of scientific christian thinkers.